In hazardous material management, the term 'toxic materials' refers to:

The term 'toxic materials' specifically refers to substances that pose a health risk to individuals when they are inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with skin. These materials can cause various adverse health effects, including acute illnesses, chronic diseases, or even death, depending on the level of exposure and the nature of the substance. Understanding this definition is crucial in hazardous material management, as it helps in identifying, handling, and mitigating risks associated with such materials in various environments, including workplaces and communities.

The other options do not capture the essence of what constitutes toxic materials. For instance, materials that are harmless do not fit the definition at all. Similarly, restricting the definition to only radioactive materials overlooks the broader range of toxic substances, which include chemicals, heavy metals, and biological agents. Common household products may contain toxic materials, but not all common products are toxic, making this option too broad and imprecise. Therefore, the correct understanding hinges on recognizing that toxic materials are specifically those that pose health risks.